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The History of Spain: Land on a Crossroad S1 Ep8: Conflict within IslamInternal divisions in the Muslim world shape Islamic rule of Spain; investigating issues concerning the larger governance of Islam that leads to enmity between Muslim Spain and the Caliphate in Baghdad; the founding of the Caliphate of Cordoba.

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Now PlayingThe History of Spain: Land on a Crossroad S1 Ep8: Conflict within IslamInternal divisions in the Muslim world shape Islamic rule of Spain; investigating issues concerning the larger governance of Islam that leads to enmity between Muslim Spain and the Caliphate in Baghdad; the founding of the Caliphate of Cordoba.0Great Battles of the Ancient World S1 Ep1: Why Study Battles? What Is War?Garrett G. Fagan addresses the importance of studying battles and surveys the changing scholarly approach to the subject; he concludes by looking at different definitions of warfare, particularly the operational and social-constructivist models.